What are DNA and RNA classified as?

DNA and RNA are classified as nucleic acids because they are polymers made up of nucleotide monomers. Nucleotides consist of three components: a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose for DNA and ribose for RNA), and a nitrogenous base.

The structure and function of nucleic acids are distinct from other macromolecules. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) serves as the genetic blueprint for living organisms, storing and transmitting genetic information. RNA (ribonucleic acid) plays various roles, including acting as the messenger between DNA and protein synthesis, participating in the translation process, and serving as a catalytic molecule in some biological reactions.

Understanding the classification of DNA and RNA as nucleic acids is fundamental in biology, as it highlights their crucial role in genetics and cellular functions, distinguishing them from proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, which have different structures and functions.