What characterizes a scientific theory?

A scientific theory is characterized by being a hypothesis that has undergone extensive testing and has been repeatedly supported by empirical evidence. This means that a scientific theory is not simply a guess or a proposition; it is a well-substantiated explanation that is overwhelmingly backed by data collected through experimentation and observation.

Theories are built on a solid foundation of scientific research and have survived rigorous scrutiny within the scientific community. They are subject to revision and reevaluation as new evidence emerges. This ability to adapt based on new findings is a hallmark of scientific inquiry. For example, theories like the theory of evolution or the theory of relativity have been extensively tested over time and continue to be supported by ongoing research and discoveries.

This level of validation distinguishes scientific theories from mere ideas or opinions, as they are comprehensive explanations that integrate various hypotheses and facts into an overarching framework that helps us understand complex phenomena in the natural world.