What is biology primarily concerned with?

Biology is primarily concerned with the study of life and living organisms. This encompasses a vast range of topics, including the structure, function, growth, reproduction, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy of various forms of life. By focusing on life, biology explores the intricate interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environments.

While the other options touch on important aspects related to biology, they do not capture the full scope of the discipline. For example, studying ecosystems is a significant area within biology, but it represents just one aspect of the broader study of life. Similarly, investigating chemical processes falls under biochemistry, a subfield of biology that examines the molecular mechanisms underlying biological processes. The study of non-living systems pertains more to disciplines such as physics or chemistry and does not relate directly to the living world that biology seeks to understand. Therefore, the primary focus of biology is indeed the study of life in all its complexity.