What is natural selection?

Natural selection is a fundamental mechanism of evolution that involves the differential survival and reproduction of individuals based on their advantageous traits that are better suited for their environment. Over time, these favorable traits become more common in the population, as individuals with these traits are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass them on to the next generation.

For example, consider a population of animals in a cold environment. Those individuals with thicker fur may have a better chance of surviving harsh winters compared to those with thinner fur. As a result, the genes associated with thicker fur are more likely to be passed down to future generations, gradually leading to a population that is better adapted to the cold environment.

This process of natural selection leads to evolutionary changes in populations and contributes to biodiversity. It is a natural and ongoing process that shapes the characteristics of species over time in response to environmental challenges, competition, and other factors. Thus, the understanding of natural selection is crucial for grasping how species evolve and adapt.