What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory in science?

In scientific terminology, a hypothesis and a theory serve distinct roles in the scientific method. A hypothesis is a specific, testable prediction about the outcome of a study or experiment, often formulated based on preliminary observations or existing knowledge. This makes it the starting point for experimentation, as researchers seek to either support or refute the hypothesis through empirical data.

On the other hand, a theory represents a well-substantiated explanation that has been extensively tested and confirmed through repeated experiments and observations. Theories integrate a wide range of evidence and are accepted as valid explanatory frameworks in science. They are broader in scope than hypotheses and provide an overarching understanding of phenomena that can explain various observations.

Because of these definitions, the distinction that a hypothesis is a testable prediction while a theory is a well-supported explanation accurately captures their differences, making it the correct interpretation of their roles in scientific research.