What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) plays a crucial role in the process of protein synthesis, primarily within the ribosome, which is the site of translation. The correct function of rRNA is to form the structural and functional core of ribosomes, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into polypeptide chains through the formation of peptide bonds. This means that rRNA is essential in catalyzing the reaction that links amino acids together, forming protein structures according to the sequence dictated by messenger RNA (mRNA).

While some other molecules are involved in the overall process of protein synthesis, they carry out different roles. For example, messenger RNA (mRNA) acts as the intermediary that conveys genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, while transfer RNA (tRNA) brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome. The binding of ribosomal subunits is facilitated by proteins and rRNA, but rRNA's primary role is more specifically tied to the formation of peptide bonds.

Ribosomal RNA is also involved in maintaining the structure of the ribosome itself, which allows it to perform its function effectively. Thus, understanding that rRNA forms peptide bonds highlights its vital role in the larger process of translating genetic information into functional proteins.